A masterfully executed 18th-century copper engraving by Domenico Cunego, depicting the Greek philosopher Aristotle. This piece is part of a celebrated series based on Raphael’s fresco “The School of Athens” in the Apostolic Palace, Vatican City.
Visual Details
Description
This striking portrait showcases Cunego’s technical prowess in line engraving. The work captures Aristotle with a focused, empirical expression, characterized by his thick, curled beard and classical drapery. The stipple and cross-hatching techniques create a remarkable sense of three-dimensionality, honoring the original Renaissance aesthetic while showcasing the precision of the Neoclassical period.
The Subject
Aristotle is one of the two central figures in Raphael’s fresco. Represented as a man in his prime, he stands as the symbol of terrestrial and scientific inquiry. As the founder of the Lyceum, Aristotle’s presence in this series represents the transition from metaphysical abstraction to the observation of the physical world, serving as a cornerstone of Western logic.
Technical Specifications
Artist
Domenico Cunego (Italian, 1726–1803)
Original Painter
Raphael (Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino, 1483–1520)
Medium
Copper Engraving / Etching
Date of Publication
Circa 1785
Series Title
Scuola d’Atene (The School of Athens)
Plate Number
No. 31
Inscriptions
“ARISTOTELES depictus a RAPH. SANCT. Urb. in aed. Vatic.” (Lower margin)
Paper Type
Laid paper (typical of late 18th-century European prints)
Dimensions (Approx)
44 x 32 cm
Origin
Rome, Italy
Historical Significance
Domenico Cunego’s 18th-century series was essential for the academic study of Raphael outside of Italy. By isolating these “heads,” Cunego allowed artists and scholars to study the individual fisonomies and expressions that made Raphael’s work a benchmark for humanism. Plate 31 is a critical piece of this pedagogical legacy.
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